Python Basic Input and Output

Python Output

In Python, we can simply use the print() function to print output. For example,

print('Python is powerful')

# Output: Python is powerful

Here, the print() function displays the string enclosed inside the single quotation.

Syntax of print()

In the above code, the print() function is taking a single parameter.

However, the actual syntax of the print function accepts 5 parameters

print(object= separator= end= file= flush=)

Here,

• object - value(s) to be printed
• sep (optional) - allows us to separate multiple objects inside print().
• end (optional) - allows us to add add specific values like new line "\n", tab "\t"
• file (optional) - where the values are printed. It's default value is sys.stdout (screen)
• flush (optional) - boolean specifying if the output is flushed or buffered. Default: False

Example 1: Python Print Statement

print('Good Morning!')
print('It is rainy today')

Output

Good Morning!
It is rainy today

In the above example, the print() statement only includes the object to be printed. Here, the value for end is not used. Hence, it takes the default value '\n'.

So we get the output in two different lines.

Example 2: Python print() with end Parameter

# print with end whitespace
print('Good Morning!', end= ' ')

print('It is rainy today')

Output

Good Morning! It is rainy today

Notice that we have included the end= ' ' after the end of the first print() statement.

Hence, we get the output in a single line separated by space.

Example 3: Python print() with sep parameter

print('New Year', 2023, 'See you soon!', sep= '. ')

Output

New Year. 2023. See you soon!

In the above example, the print() statement includes multiple items separated by a comma.

Notice that we have used the optional parameter sep= ". " inside the print() statement.

Hence, the output includes items separated by . not comma.

Example: Print Python Variables and Literals

We can also use the print() function to print Python variables. For example,

number = -10.6

name = "Programiz"

# print literals     
print(5)

# print variables
print(number)
print(name)

Output

5
-10.6
Programiz

Example: Print Concatenated Strings

We can also join two strings together inside the print() statement. For example,

print('Programiz is ' + 'awesome.')

Output

Programiz is awesome.

Here,

• the + operator joins two strings 'Programiz is ' and 'awesome.'
• the print() function prints the joined string

Output formatting

Sometimes we would like to format our output to make it look attractive. This can be done by using the str.format() method. For example,

x = 5
y = 10

print('The value of x is {} and y is {}'.format(x,y))

Here, the curly braces {} are used as placeholders. We can specify the order in which they are printed by using numbers (tuple index).

Python Input

While programming, we might want to take the input from the user. In Python, we can use the input() function.

Syntax of input()

input(prompt)

Here, prompt is the string we wish to display on the screen. It is optional.

Example: Python User Input

# using input() to take user input
num = input('Enter a number: ')

print('You Entered:', num)

print('Data type of num:', type(num))

Output

Enter a number: 10
You Entered: 10
Data type of num: <class 'str'>

In the above example, we have used the input() function to take input from the user and stored the user input in the num variable.

It is important to note that the entered value 10 is a string, not a number. So, type(num) returns <class 'str'>.

To convert user input into a number we can use int() or float() functions as:

num = int(input('Enter a number: '))

Here, the data type of the user input is converted from string to integer .