Javascript String substring()

const message = "JavaScript is fun.";

// get the substring starting from index 0 to 10
let result = message.substring(0, 10);
console.log(result);

// Output: JavaScript

substring() Syntax

The syntax of the substring() method is:

str.substring(indexStart, indexEnd)

Here, str is a string.

substring() Parameters

The substring() method takes in:

• indexStart - The index of the first character to start including in the returned substring.
• indexEnd (optional) - The index before which to stop extraction. (Exclusive) If omitted, it extracts till the end of the string.

substring() Return Value

• Returns a new string containing the specified part of the given string.

Note: substring() does not change the original string.

Example 1: Using substring

let string = "Programiz JavaScript Tutorials";

// first character
substr1 = string.substring(0, 1);
console.log(substr1); // P

// if start > end, they are swapped
substr2 = string.substring(1, 0);
console.log(substr2); // P

// From 11th to last character
substr3 = string.substring(10);
console.log(substr3); // JavaScript Tutorials

// the extreme values are 0 and str.length

// same as string.substring(0)
substr4 = string.substring(-44, 90);
console.log(substr4); // Programiz JavaScript Tutorials

// indexEnd is exclusive
substr5 = string.substring(0, string.length - 1);
console.log(substr5); // Programiz JavaScript Tutorial

Output

P
P
JavaScript Tutorials
Programiz JavaScript Tutorials
Programiz JavaScript Tutorial

Example 2: Replacing a substring within a string

// Replaces old characters with new characters in a string
function replaceString(oldChars, newChars, string) {
  for (let i = 0; i < string.length; ++i) {
    if (string.substring(i, i + oldChars.length) == oldChars) {
      string =
        string.substring(0, i) +
        newChars +
        string.substring(i + oldChars.length, string.length);
    }
  }
  return string;
}

const string = "Java Tutorials";
let newString = replaceString("Java", "JavaScript", string);
console.log(newString); // JavaScript Tutorials

Output

JavaScript Tutorials

Recommended Reading: JavaScript String slice()